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By flyingearly
#2013947
On the basis that there's no such thing as a stupid question...I'm asking a stupid question which will seem laughably obvious to those who know such things.

I have very nearly completed the restoration of my Taylor Mono, working under the supervision of my LAA inspector. I'm now in the middle of wiring up the batteries and panel as part of the Leburg installation.

Being honest, I haven't had any experience of electronics since GCSE physics, but I've managed to do a satisfactory job re-learning things as I go; what seemed quite daunting at the start is now less so.

However, the one thing I confess to still getting confused about is earthing / grounding.

Leburg specifies a number of central earthing points, but on a wooden aircraft (with a ply panel) what am I actually earthing and to where?

My understanding is that I'll connect the crankcase to the firewall with a 30a braid, but the wiring diagram also shows a cockpit-side earth point. Where should this be? Should I be earthing the instruments through to the firewall on the same earthing point? Does the fuel tank need earthing?

Having coped with everything mechanical up to this point, I confess that my circuitry knowledge really did leave my brain once I had left school.
By cockney steve
FLYER Club Member  FLYER Club Member
#2013967
You cannot "earth "a non-conductor :roll: What you'r attempting, is a non-switched return path to the battery. Wire-sizes are determined by the current they may be expected to carry, addinc a safety-marcin to cover fraying, broken conductors etc. Remember, weight is important on an aircraft. a single-point on the bulkhead will eliminate hum-loop potential, but also introduces a potential single-point failure.
I' personally would lead all instrument returns to a single place on the bulkhead and contimue the other side ( engine-side) direct to the return-side of the battery. Another wire could be used for nav/cockpit lights etc.
I deliberately do not designate the battery pos/neg, as there is a long automotive history of favouring "earth" according to theory of corrosion propagation and mitigation.. :oops: Bear in mind that the metal body is used as a return to save on wiring. Static- discharge is a whole other can of worms! Heavy cabling is really only needed for start and generating purposes keep them short between them and the battery, use fine multi strand cable to minimise stress cracking due to work-hardening and for the same reason , secure all against "flapping." hth.
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By flyingearly
#2014019
Sooty25 wrote:Have you read LAA document TL3.26 ?

It covers how the LAA expect it to be done.


Thanks all for the replies. Reading TL3.26 I'm confident I've done things correctly - but I'm not sure I'm any the wiser about earthing.

I think perhaps it's the Leburg electrical wiring diagram that's confusing me.

It shows 5 earth points and uses the terms CEP Engine and CEP Cockpit (with the two linked by braid).

One assumes that what this really is saying - based on TL3.26 - is that on a wooden aircraft I can fit a 'forest of earths' on the firewall and use that as the CEP for everything? E.g. the diagram makes it look like they are separate earth points, whereas actually they're one earth point with separate connections.

Page 35 of the manual shows the diagram FYI: https://docs.skycraft.ltd/Leburg/Manual%202020.pdf

My inspector will be checking this anyway, but I would prefer to have got it right before I show it to him!
#2014278
Ultimately, on a non-conductive airframe, the main Common point is the negative stud on the battery.

All equipment operating is referenced to that. But it is impractical to connect every single negative wire to that stud, so a Negative busbar needs to be fitted.

Unfortunately, there are bits within TL3.26 that really don't help someone new to electrical work.

4.3 Earthing
“Ground” and “common” are used interchangeably with “earth”.


Earth - this term is used for AC electrical systems as a protection conductor, that causes fuses and circuit breakers to go to fault, in the event of equipment faults.

Common - also known in DC systems as Negative. As in the Negative post of the battery.

Ground - This term should be used for RF grounds to reduce electrical noise.

They are not one and the same!

“forest of earths”


A term that seems to be used only by the LAA, it isn't used in other electrical professions! Google it and see how many hits you get! Busbar, Bussbar, Negative rail, Common rail are more correct and used in industry generally.

The “forest of earths” illustrated in TL3.26, I would never use, I've found too many with loose spade connectors and high resistances. Use something more like this

Image

more in a bit.....
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